How Much Does It Cost to Build a Swimming Pool?

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2022 Notice: How Has the Pandemic Affected the Pool Industry?

Johnny Davis, one of Fixr.com’s pool experts, states that while companies in nearly every industry were forced to close their doors for a time in 2020, many of the pool industry’s largest manufacturers were closed for months at a time because of their locations in larger cities. But that didn’t mean orders stopped. And with most people forced to stay home and travel bans in effect, many sought to renovate their backyards and provide their children with something to do as the schools remained closed and vacations were canceled.

Unfortunately, the enormous increase in demand was met with a nasty combination of raw material supplies being held up at ports due to new COVID safety regulations and labor shortages for most North American manufacturing employers. Just when things looked like they could not get any worse for the pool industry, the Texas freeze created a significant shortage in resin. This caused 3 of 4 domestic suppliers to claim force majeure and serious mechanical issues at one of the world’s largest suppliers of plasticizer, significantly impacting product availability. Materials used to make swimming pools, such as concrete and plastic, have seen price increases of 6% and 29%, respectively, in the last year alone.

This has led to a continued hunt for the products needed to make swimming pools and equipment. This means the wait can be long, and prices will continue to go up as the demand increases with limited product availability. Supplies are backed up, and so are pool builders, with many already claiming full schedules for the next 2 years. Buy now so that you get in line before prices rise any more, especially since some manufacturers expect a 40% price increase in the coming months.

Swimming Pool Construction Cost by Type

Pools are available in many options and types, depending on the location, size, and needs. Most of them can be broken down into two basic categories - above-ground and in-ground. Each has pros, cons, costs, and construction parameters. Most people think of in-ground options when they consider building a pool. Above-ground pools are sometimes considered less permanent. This is because some above-ground pools can be removed at the end of the season, even though many remain up year-round. Both types come in many sizes and configurations and both can meet the needs of different populations. Below are the average costs to install each type.

Above-Ground Pool Cost

Above-ground pools cost between $2,100 and $22,000. They come in a wide range of different materials, shapes, sizes, and styles. They can have decks, stairs, and other features or a simple metal-frame structure. They are as enjoyable as in-ground pools, less expensive, and easier and less invasive to install. They may not last as long as in-ground pools. Some people may not find them as attractive, and you may be limited in shape, size, and style.

In-Ground Pool Cost

In-ground pools range from $40,000 to $110,000 on average. They can be built in many ways with different materials. The most common are vinyl, fiberglass, and concrete. Each material has costs and positive and negative attributes to consider. In general, they are more attractive. They have more customization options and type choices, including saltwater, infinity, and natural. The remainder of the guide focuses on in-ground pools because they are more common.

Swimming Pool Construction Cost per Square Foot

New swimming pools can have a very wide range of costs per square foot. The average cost for in-ground pools ranges from $180 to $350 a square foot, depending on the material, type, shape, and finish. These costs include the full construction, including the deck and finishing work. Below is a list of costs according to the most common square footage for in-ground pools. The following sections break down the various components for understanding the costs.

Cost to Build an In-Ground Pool by Material

In-ground pools are the most popular and common installation. You can build them in various shapes, sizes, and styles, depending on the material and type. They are most commonly built using concrete, fiberglass, or vinyl. Each material has costs, pros and cons, and building processes that impact your project. Vinyl is the least expensive of the three types but also has the most maintenance and requires a new lining every 7 to 8 years. Concrete is the most expensive but has the most options for customization. Fiberglass is one of the most popular types but has the fewest choices in size, shape, and depth. All three types can give you a beautiful, functional swimming pool, but maintenance, durability, and costs vary.

Vinyl In-Ground Pool Cost

The average costs of vinyl in-ground pools are between $38,000 and $70,000. They use a liner during construction. This gives them the freedom fiberglass pools do not have, while costing much less than concrete. The vinyl liner can be applied to any shape or size. This means you can have freeform and organic shapes that are difficult to get with fiberglass. However, vinyl liners do not last as long as fiberglass or concrete. They cost less initially but cost the most long term because the liner must be replaced every 7 to 9 years.

Fiberglass In-Ground Pool Cost

Fiberglass in-ground pools cost between $50,000 and $95,000. They are made with a shell set in the ground. They are tough, durable, and very long-lasting. The shape is dictated by what the company can produce. Size is also restricted because some large shells can be hard to transport. Most of them often have depth restrictions, so you must find another material if you want it deep enough for diving. Fiberglass is the lowest maintenance material, so it costs the least in the long term.

Concrete In-Ground Pool Cost

The average cost for concrete in-ground pools ranges from $58,000 to $100,000. Concrete has some of the most versatility in building pools. It can be any size or shape and finished in numerous ways. This includes tile and other decorative finishes,which are unavailable for vinyl and fiberglass. They require more maintenance than fiberglass long term, as this material is quite porous and algae can build up. However, they are easier to maintain than vinyl, making them a good long-term investment.

In-Ground Pool Sizes and Prices

Swimming pools come in nearly any size and shape you desire. The general rule is to make it twice as long as it is wide if you opt for rectangular pools. However, there is plenty of room for variation, so you could support a slightly wider or shorter type if you have the space.

Below are some of the average costs for the various materials in a range of sizes. These costs include the fully built pool with its deck and finishing but do not include landscaping or “extras,” such as waterfalls and diving boards:

Small In-Ground Pool Cost

Small in-ground pools have a wide range of costs, depending on the size and type. Small is considered anything less than 26 feet in length, which means that it can have an average cost of between $35,200 and $95,000. Small pools that are meant just for cooling off and not for swimming, such as a plunge pool, can be as small as 15 feet long and cost between $10,000 and $20,000. If you intend to use it for swimming, it should be at least 20 feet long. The lowest costs you can assume for an in-ground swimming pool are between $26,000 and $70,000, depending on the material.

As you move from smaller to larger pool sizes, the prices don't increase drastically with vinyl liner pools, unlike fiber and gunite, which basically double in cost if you double the size. In the case of vinyl, the kit, labor, concrete, and excavation will only go up a little bit each, but the difference between 16’x32’ versus 20’x40’ could be as little as a 10-15% difference in cost. Therefore, vinyl pools can be advantageous for homeowners who want a larger pool.

Johnny Davis, swimming pool expert.

Cost to Build an In-Ground Pool by Type

One of the best things about in-ground pools is how you can customize them to your needs. Whether you want it for cooling off, for doing exercise, or a specific shape or style, you can achieve your goals with in-ground pools. They come in many forms, and costs range by type, size, and material. This means you can fit them onto many properties regardless of how much space you have. Smaller yards can support plunge pools and long and thin properties may be a good fit for lap pools.

It should fit your space, needs, and plans. With so many options, you can find a type to fit your family’s needs.

Spool Pool Cost

Spools typically cost between $10,000 and $18,000. Spools are very small pools with some spa features. Spools are usually less than 12 feet long and often have built-in benches or jets. Essentially, a spool gives you some of both if you want a hot tub and pool but only have room for one. When the jets are not on, the spool could be used for cooling off. With the jets active, it becomes closer to a hot tub. Spools are good if you are restricted on space and want more of a custom hot tub.

Plunge Pool Cost

Plunge pools range from $12,000 to $22,000. They are small pools made for recreation. If you have a small area and want your pool for soaking or cooling off, these are a good option. This is usually about 13-15’ long, 6-8’ wide, and 3-5’ deep. They may include a waterfall feature and typically have a concrete deck. This is a great option for small properties and those who enjoy the water without wanting to swim. However, they need as much maintenance as a larger pool, requiring filters, heaters, and chemical treatments.

Custom Pool Cost

A custom pool averages $15,000 to $200,000. Custom means you are designing the exact style rather than choosing a stock size, shape, or design. They can be small plunge or larger lap pools. They are most often created from vinyl or concrete because fiberglass is difficult to create in custom molds or sizes. They may have additional features, such as waterfalls, jets, and zero-entry decks. You are most likely to opt for custom if you have serious size constraints or want special features.

Endless Pool Cost

Endless pools cost between $25,000 and $35,000. They can be in-ground or above-ground. They are small, around 15 feet in length and a depth of 39 inches. They have powerful jets that push the water from one end to the other. A person inside it can swim against these jets for a good workout without going anywhere. Think of it as a swimming treadmill. They have various strengths and sizes to fit your fitness needs.

Saltwater Pool Costs

Saltwater pools range from $30,000 to $70,000. These are made of vinyl, fiberglass, or concrete with a saltwater chlorine generator. They cost roughly the same as a standard one of the same type but with lower ongoing costs. The salt can feel better on your skin, with the water having a softer, silkier feel. They may need less maintenance because they do not need to be “shocked” with chlorine. However, the salt can damage your landscaping and may corrode some parts, such as the ladder, stone decking, or the O-rings in your filters.

Family Leisure In-Ground Pool Prices

Family leisure pools cost between $38,000 and $100,000. They are your typical backyard swimming pool. It can be any shape, material, or size. It is usually deep enough to feature diving boards or slides and has a shallow end for relaxing. They usually have a wide deck for entertaining. The exact size varies depending on the amount of space you have and the number of users who are in it at once.

Lagoon Pool Cost

Lagoon pools average $38,000 to $110,000. They can be made of vinyl, fiberglass, or concrete. This is a “freeform” style designed to look natural. It has undulating curves and edges instead of being rectangular or circular. Rather than having a standard deck, they are usually landscaped right up to the edge with various plants. The idea is to create a more natural-looking style, while keeping the standard interior for swimming.

Walk-In Pool Cost

Walk-in pools range from $40,000 to $115,000. They are also called beach-entry or zero-entry. They mimic the natural and gradual ease into the deeper water you find on a beach leading to a lake or ocean. This can be an easier way for people with mobility problems because there are no stairs or ladders. They can be fiberglass or concrete, but vinyl cannot be used. Any style can be adapted to this entry. The entry area costs around $7,000 to $9,000.

Lap Pool Cost

Lap pools cost between $50,000 and $95,000 on average. If you swim regularly for exercise, they can be a great addition. This are long and thin, measuring roughly 8 feet by 50 feet. They can be made of vinyl, fiberglass, or concrete, and they often fit into spaces where standard ones cannot because of their unique dimensions. They require the same maintenance as other pools and should be fenced for security.

Indoor Pool Cost

Indoor swimming pools average $50,000 to $200,000. They are a great investment if you want to swim year-round or avoid common cleaning issues with outdoor pools, such as debris and leaves. They allow you to swim no matter what the weather or time of year. Without sunlight, they may grow algae more easily and require continuous maintenance. They may also have additional heating costs, and the surrounding area may become hot and muggy during warmer weather. There are also additional costs associated with the surrounding structure.

Natural Pool Costs

Natural pools range from $70,000 to $100,000. They make beautiful additions to many yards. This style uses natural plants to filter the water rather than chlorine or salt, so it is considered better for the environment. It consists of two parts - the swimming area and regeneration zone, where the water is filtered. The two areas must be roughly the same size, so they require about twice the space. They can be made of a few materials and can have many features, including waterfalls and infinity edges. The plant medium can also be made of various aquatic plants. They are low-maintenance once set up but can become home to aquatic animals and insects.

Infinity Pool Costs

Infinity pools average $100,000 to $150,000. They make a beautiful addition to any yard or property. They create a waterfall illusion with the water flowing continuously over the edge into a small basin where it can be recycled. It creates a stunning visual effect, which can be very appealing. They are easy-to-maintain with constantly flowing water to prevent algae buildup. The small basin the water pours into can also make an excellent option for kids. They are expensive, costing significantly more than other same-sized pools. They also require a sloping property to show off the edge. Otherwise, they are not as impressive. A slope of this kind can also be dangerous near the pool.

Olympic-Size Pool Cost

The cost of Olympic-size swimming pools is between $300,000 and $500,000. They conform to very strict measurements. They are exactly 50 meters in length, 25 meters in width and have at least 2 meters depth. They contain 10 lanes, each lane measuring 2.5 meters in width. It may be deep enough for diving at one end or “walkable” the entire length with depths that never rise above 2 meters. They are usually made of concrete to make them easier to maintain long term.

Swimming Pool Construction Cost Breakdown

There are many ways you can build a pool and many costs that can be involved. Labor costs can vary depending on the type, your location, and whether blasting is needed before installation. Typical labor costs range from $7,000 to $40,000 but can go higher for custom or in-ground pools being installed in rocky terrain.

The materials making up the bulk of the pool also vary, depending on the type and size. Vinyl liners cost $5,000 to $10,000, fiberglass shells cost $12,000 to $30,000, and concrete costs between $60 and $80 a square foot for most installations.

Not every project requires all levels of work. For example, not every installation requires blasting, and the finish work can range, depending on the material, with fiberglass requiring the least and concrete requiring the most.

You are likely to have other costs related to decking, equipment, and landscaping. These costs vary based on the type, size, and finish level. Below is a cost breakdown of the project parts to complete your pool.

Pool Landscaping Cost

The cost of landscaping around your pool varies from $100 for simple grass to $45,000 for things like added fountains, hardscape paths to patios, and custom shrubbery. Landscaping around it is not necessary. Some people install a deck and allow their lawn to continue out each side. Other people may choose to create a backyard landscape around their pool area that blends in with the yard. The landscape around the perimeter completes the appearance if you have a natural or lagoon style. You can also landscape after it has been installed when you have a chance to see how it impacts the yard.

Swimming Pool Permit Cost

The cost of a permit for a swimming pool ranges from $200 to $300. This varies by your municipality and type. Your permit must be applied for with all paperwork submitted before work begins. Building regulations in your area may impact the scope. Be prepared to change things if your work lies outside local regulations or codes when you apply for the permit. Pulling a permit also means that an inspection of your pool must be undertaken before you can use it.

Excavation Cost

Excavation costs between $500 and $3,500 on average. The excavation cost varies depending on a few factors, including the size, shape, depth, and terrain. It requires blasting at an increased cost if the yard is rocky and difficult to dig in. Any excavation also has dirt-hauling costs added to the total excavation cost. The distance the hauling needs to travel and the location in your yard can impact costs. If you have a hard-to-reach area, costs are higher than if the yard can be easily accessed.

Blasting Rocky Terrain

The cost to blast rocky terrain averages $600 to $7,200. Not every installation requires this. Sometimes, you can determine whether it is needed before work begins. You may find that the first few feet of excavation goes easily but then stops. Blasting may be necessary if a lot of rock is found below the surface. Blasting and excavation costs are rarely quoted until the work has begun, and the installers can see the land’s condition.

Installing Equipment

The cost of installing all your equipment ranges from $5,000 to $10,000. This equipment includes the basics necessary for the pool to operate. This includes things like your pump, filter, and heater. If you choose to upgrade any of these, such as using a solar heater, your costs can differ. These costs include things like running an electrical line or the plumbing needed. Not all of them use the same equipment, so there can be variations in cost.

Decking

The average deck costs between $5,000 and $20,000 installed. When building in-ground pools, you need to add a deck. Decks provide a non-slip area around it, protect your landscaping, enhance the area, and provide a more appealing visual. Decks come in many materials, including concrete, pavers, stone, and wood. It is very common for the pool cost to include the price of a concrete deck as part of the package. You have additional costs if you choose to upgrade to a different material.

Pool Material Installation Cost

The installation of your material ranges from $5,000 to $25,000. This wide range is due to the many types and installations available. Vinyl installation is usually fairly inexpensive. Fiberglass shells are frequently set in concrete, which cause the installation cost to vary by shell size. Concrete pools can be created in several ways, each with labor costs. The cost of installing the pool varies based on the material and type.

Finishing

The cost of finishing your pool averages $5,000 to $30,000. Finishing costs include many variables. Concrete pools must have their surface finished, meaning they have higher finishing costs. Your edging, ladder or step installation, and other small details impact the cost to finish the project. Finishing is often what gives it its final appearance. It may not impact the use, but it impacts appearance, maintenance, and long-term care.

Design: Top Swimming Pool Shapes

Swimming pools come in many shapes and configurations. The shape and style are dictated by a few things. The first is the material. Vinyl and concrete can be formed into nearly any configuration. This includes custom designs that may follow any number of shapes. Fiberglass pools are often limited by the manufacturer. They may have a set number of shapes and sizes to choose from because each shell is made in a mold.

When it comes to custom designs, the sky's the limit in terms of what you can do. However, there are also many popular shapes that you can find nearly anywhere.

The rectangle is one of the most common because it is easy to excavate. Rectangular styles can be used for many purposes, including laps, and can be easily modified for zero-barrier entry. Round shapes are also very common and a popular shape for above and in-ground pools. They can also have some of the same features as rectangular pools like zero-entry and waterfalls.

The kidney shape is a good choice for those who do not have as much space. You still get a lot of swimming area, but it fits into a smaller yard. Lagoon pools can also be a good choice for this and those who want to landscape around it for a natural appearance. Each company has their own “lagoon” shape because it is not standard.

Round shapes are also good space savers, but they are not as common for in-ground pools as above-ground ones. However, they can be used for plunge pools, spools, and larger swimming areas.

If you want more versatility, you have options with the Maui and the L-shaped pool, also known as a Bermuda or Bahama design. Maui pools are wider at one end than another, while L-shaped ones change direction, providing more swimming area. They also come in a range of sizes, fitting into nearly any yard.

Pool Filter Cost

Filters are a very important part of any pool installation. They keep your water clean and free of debris. Your pump keeps water circulating through the filter while it runs. This helps keep out debris that may fall into it. FIlters are not designed for deep cleaning, but they are necessary to help keep out smaller particles that can get in the way of the maintenance and your enjoyment. There are several kinds of filters, from simple pocket and cartridge filters to large sand or glass filters. Each has a range of costs and the number of microns it is capable of filtering out. Below are the basic filter types, their costs, and the amount they filter.

Swimming Pool Pump Cost

Your pump is as important as your filter. It keeps the water circulating, moving it through the filter, which helps to clean the water. The pump also helps mix the chemicals and can help prevent stagnation. Your pump should be running for most of the time your pool is open, but there are different pump types that may operate for different periods each day.

Pumps ¹ come in many types and sizes. The larger your pool, the larger the pump size you need. You can have different options for their use, depending on how often you need to run the pump. Pumps can also have different noise levels, which may be important if you run your pump continuously or it is close to your home. Below are the average costs for the different types.

Add-Ons

You may want to add other features to your pool, depending on the type, location, and desires. Some add-ons are purely for recreation or aesthetic purposes. This can include things like diving boards and waterfalls. They make your pool look nicer and increase your enjoyment of the space.
Other things, such as heaters, lighting, and covers, are not always necessary, but they can enhance it and increase the amount of time you can use it. For example, adding lighting and heat can extend its use into the evening hours or the cooler months.

Retaining walls ², fences, and enclosures serve different purposes. Retaining walls help shape your landscaping to include a pool in less-than-flat areas or enhance the landscaping around it. Fences and enclosures can help keep your swimming area safe. Fences are required at a minimum to prevent small children and animals from accidentally entering it. Enclosures can serve the same purpose and keep out debris like leaves or allow you to use yours in less-than-ideal weather.

Below are the average costs for adding these features to your construction project.

Cost of Running a Pool

The cost of putting in your pool is one factor to consider before purchasing one. You also must consider the ongoing costs needed to run it. Running the pool includes the electricity costs for the pump and other accessories and chemical costs to keep it clean. The cost of running your pool varies depending on what the material is made from. Fiberglass pools have the lowest costs starting at $375 a year, while vinyl ones have costs above $700 a year. Concrete options have the highest running costs at $1,650 a year. These costs do not include maintenance costs, such as opening, closing, or professional cleaning. Those can add hundreds to thousands more each year if you hire them out rather than doing it yourself.

Pool Maintenance Costs

Your maintenance costs also vary depending on your pool’s material. Like with running costs, fiberglass maintenance costs are the lowest, while concrete is the highest. Most people pay $90 to $270 per month in maintenance costs. This includes professional cleaning and minor ongoing maintenance for repairs. Your costs can be higher if you hire a company to open and close it, with total annual maintenance costs coming in at $1,850 for opening, closing, and basic repairs. These costs are in addition to your running costs, including chemical and electricity.

In-Ground vs Above-Ground Pool

Both in-ground and above-ground pools make great additions to a yard. They provide hours of enjoyment and exercise for the household and can enhance your yard and property. However, they are different in how they are built, installed, and appear.

Above-ground pools are usually the less expensive and faster option. They do not require much excavation or blasting, so they do not change much in your yard or property. If you decide to remove them, you have minimal work to restore the yard.

In-ground pools are more expensive and invasive to install. However, they look nicer, can be much larger, and can offer more options in appearance, size, and shape than above-ground options. However, they are more difficult and expensive to remove, so they are more of a permanent commitment than above-ground ones. That said, they are usually more durable and longer-lasting, so you can enjoy them for longer.

Above-ground pools have costs starting at $2,100 to $22,000, while in-ground options typically cost $40,000 to $110,000. They also have varying other attributes that include maintenance, appearance, longevity, and durability. The chart below compares each of the two types on these factors, cost, and installation, so you can compare them more easily.

Each is ranked on a scale of 1-5, with 5 being the best and 1 the worst:

Saltwater vs Chlorine Pool Costs

All pools must be treated to keep them clean and prevent bacteria and algae growth. Most people use chlorine - a chemical added to help balance the pH and remove bacteria and harmful particulates from the water.

However, chlorine is a harsh chemical, and some people may want to use a different method. Of the alternatives, the most popular are saltwater pools. They cost the same amount to build as standard ones. However, they also have a chlorine converter installed. This converter takes the salt you add to the pool and converts it to chlorine. The saltwater is usually softer on the skin and less harsh than the straight chlorine, but both methods give you a clean pool.

Saltwater pools cost slightly more in electricity costs to run - about $40 to $60 a month. However, they have lower chemical costs because salt is less expensive than chlorine. The pool’s cost is the same, but running a saltwater pool saves money over time. Below are the average costs for the two chemicals.

Enhancement and Improvement Costs

Landscape Around the Pool

It is very common to need to landscape around your pool to help it blend in with its surroundings. This can be as simple as new grass seed or you can create a lush habitat around the pool with paths and benches. This means there is a range of landscaping costs from $100 to $45,000, depending on what you do.

Pool House

If you have a lot of equipment, building a pool house can be a good place to keep it. These houses can also give guests a place to change, and some larger houses can have entertainment areas. These houses can be made from prefab sheds, or they can be custom built. They cost between $15,000 and $30,000 on average, depending on the size and design.

Remodeling Terms Cheat Sheet

¹ Pumps: A device used to move air, liquid, or gas by mechanical means

² Retaining walls: A structure used to support vertical slopes of earth or to hold back water